［Book Publication］Associate Professor Tamara Enomoto｜”Conflict, Development and Security: Rethinking ‘Human Security’ in the Era of Anthropocene” (Koyo Shobo)
Associate Professor Tamara Enomoto’s courses at the Faculty of International Studies of our University and the University of Tokyo have been published as a book entitled “Conflict, Development and Security: Rethinking ‘Human Security’ in the Era of Anthropocene” (Koyo Shobo, Kyoto, 2025). This is the result of advanced research in critical security studies that deconstructs the idea of ‘human security’, sheds light on the notion of the self and the racist gaze on which this concept is based, and analyses the tensions, contradictions and problems that have arisen in research and practice.
[Book Information]
[Title] Conflict, Development and Security: Rethinking ‘Human Security’ in the Era of Anthropocene
[Publisher] Koyo Shobo
[Pages] 360 pages
[Price (tax included)] 3,850 JPY
[Date of Publication] 20 March 2025
[Language] Japanese
[URL] https://www.koyoshobo.co.jp/book/b659688.html
[More Information]
30 years have passed since the concept of ‘human security’ was first raised in the first half of the 1990s, and concepts such as the ‘Anthropocene’ abound. It is time to look back and critically reconsider the past 30 years of the pursuit of ‘human security’, from the level of the conception of the self and fundamentally racist gaze on which this concept is based, to the level of treaty-making based on this concept, to the level of detailed implementation measures (or lack thereof) on the ground.
This book examines the conception of the self and racist thinking that underpin concepts such as ‘human security’, the nature of development and humanitarian aid, and the use of images promoted by those who have supported such concepts. The book also critically analyses the development and implementation of the treaties and other instruments that proponents of ‘human security’ have supported, highlighting the tensions, contradictions and dilemmas that have arisen between discourse and practice. It then examines the critique and rethinking of development and security theories and practices that have emerged against the backdrop of the Me Too and Black Lives Matter (BLM) movements, the Russian-Ukrainian war, and the situation in Israel and Palestine.
[Table of Contents]
Preface
Chapter 1: Merger of Development and Security
Introduction
Section 1: New Wars Theories
Section 2: Transition of Development Theories and Practices
Section 3: The Emergence of the Concepts of Human Security, Resilience and the Anthropocene
Conclusion
Chapter 2: Critical Security Studies and the Development-Security Discourse
Introduction
Section 1: Critical Security Studies, First Generation
Section 2: Critical Security Studies, Second to Third Generations
Section 3: Critical Security Studies, Fourth Generation
Conclusion—The Positioning of This Book
Column (Short Essay) 1: From Live Aid to Live 8: Images of Africa 20 Years on
Chapter 3: What does ‘Human’ in ‘Human Security’ Mean?
Introduction
Section 1: Controversies in Previous Research on the Meaning of ‘Human’ in ‘Human Security’
Section 2: The Transformations of the Conception of the Self since the Nineteenth Century to the Present in the Global North
Section 3: Projection of the Image of the Vulnerable Self onto the Population in the Global South and the Changes of the Idea of National Sovereignty
Conclusion
Chapter 4: The Emergence of New Humanitarianism
Introduction
Section 1: The Era of Classical Humanitarianism
Section 2: The Rise of New Humanitarianism
Section 3: Contradictions in the Discourse of Development and Security within New Humanitarianism
Section 4: Psychosocial Activities: Case Study of the Acholi Region in Northern Uganda
Conclusion
Column (Short Essay) 2: Classical and New Humanitarianism in African Studies in Japan
Chapter 5: Transitional Justice
Introduction
Section 1: The ‘Transitional Justice’ Controversies in and out of Uganda
Section 2: Rethinking the Discourse of ‘the Acholi Restorative Justice’
Section 3: Global Therapeutic Governance?
Section 4: Local Actors’ Resistance, Compromises, and Cooptation
Conclusion
Chapter 6: Rethinking the ‘Pariahisation’ of Anti-Personnel Landmines.
Introduction
Section 1: Constructing the ‘Landmine Crisis’ Narrative
Section 2: Deconstructing the ‘Landmine Crisis’ Narrative
Section 3: Contexts in Which Landmines Were ‘Pariahised’: With Focus on the Underlying Conception of the Self
Conclusion
Chapter 7: Development and Limits of Conventional Arms Transfer Control
Introduction
Section 1: Conventional Arms Control from the Nineteenth Century to the Cold War Period
Section 2: The 1990s: From the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms to the Formation of Transfer Criteria
Section 3: Searching for ‘Global Regulation’
Section 4: UN Arms Trade Treaty Negotiations
Section 5: Texts of the Arms Trade Treaty
Section 6: Limits of the Post-Cold War Arms Transfer Control
Conclusion
Column (Short Essay) 3: Why Did China Accede to the Arms Trade Treaty in 2020?
Chapter 8: A Myth Shared by English-Speaking Researchers and Practitioners: The Case of Japan’s Gun Ownership Regulations
Introduction
Section 1: Research, Policy Debate, and Media Discourse in English: ‘Giving Up the Gun in Japan’
Section 2: History of ‘Not Giving Up the Gun’ in Japan
Section 3: Why Violence was Curbed Without Giving Up Guns
Section 4: Why Gun Control in Post-World War II Japan was Possible
Conclusion
Chapter 9: ‘Gender Mainstreaming’ and Racism in Arms Control and Disarmament
Introduction
Section 1: Background to ‘Gender Mainstreaming’ in Arms Control and Disarmament
Section 2: Development and Results of ‘Gender Mainstreaming’
Section 3: Challenges Facing ‘Gender Mainstreaming’ in Arms Control and Disarmament
Section 4: Racist and Discriminatory Thoughts and Actions and Their Consequences
Conclusion
Column (Short Essay) 4: African Agency in ‘International Society’ and Fragmentation of International Law: The Case of Regulation of Arms Transfers to Non-State Actors
Chapter 10: Discourses Surrounding the Russia-Ukraine War
Introduction
Section 1: Racism in Discourses on the Russia-Ukraine War
Section 2: Background of Racist Remarks and Writings
Section 3: Dangerous Consequences of the Racist Discourse in Policies and Measures
Conclusion
Chapter 11: Rethinking in the Development-Humanitarian Industry and its Structural Problems
Introduction
Section 1: Rethinking After the Me Too Movement and Black Lives Matter Movement
Section 2: Racism Continued in ‘Humanitarian Disarmament’: The Case of a Dismissal of a Staff Member of Colour Who Expressed Solidarity with the People of Gaza and Called for Compliance with International Humanitarian law in 2023
Section 3: Structural Racism in ‘Humanitarian Disarmament’ Campaigns and its Industry as a Whole
Conclusion: Implications of the Awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to the Nihon Hidankyo (Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations) in the Fundamentally Racist Sector
Conclusion
Afterword
List of References
